Question -
Answer -
(a) Hypothalamus: Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus include:
(1) Releasing hormones: These hormones stimulate the secretions of the pituitary hormone. Examples of these hormones are:
(i) Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone
(ii) Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone
(iii) Somatotropin-releasing hormone
(iv) Adrenocorticotrophin-releasing hormone
(2) Inhibiting hormones: These hormones inhibit the secretions of the pituitary hormone. Examples of these hormones are:
(i) Somatostatin
(ii) Growth-inhibiting hormone
(iii) Melanocyte-inhibiting hormone
(b) Pituitary: The pituitary gland has two components i.e., adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis.
Hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis are:
(i) Growth hormone (GH)
(ii) Prolactin
(iii) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
(iv) Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
(v) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
(vi) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
(vii) Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
Hormones secreted by the neurohypophysis are:
(i) Oxytocin
(ii) Vasopressin
(c) Thyroid: The thyroid gland secretes three hormones namely, thyroxin, triiodothyronin, and calcitonin.
(d) Parathyroid: The parathyroid gland secretes a hormone known as the parathyroid hormone.
(e) Adrenal: The adrenal gland is divided into two parts, the outer adrenal cortex and the inner adrenal medulla.
Hormones of adrenal cortex include the following:
(i) Mineralocorticoids: The hormone secreted is known as aldosterone.
(ii) Glucocorticoids: The hormone secreted is cortisol.
Hormones of adrenal medulla are adrenaline and nor-adrenalin.
(f) Pancreas: Hormones secreted by the pancreas are insulin and glucagon.
(g) Testis: The hormone secreted by the testis is testosterone.
(h) Ovary: The hormone secreted by the ovary includes estrogen and progesterone.
(i) Thymus: Hormones secreted by the thymus are thymosins.
(j) Atrium: The walls of the atrium secrete atrial natriuretic factor.
(k) Kidney: The hormone secreted by kidney is erythropoietin.
(l) G-I tract: The hormones secreted by the G-I tract are Gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP).