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The diversity of life-forms is maintained to bring a kind of balance. This balance is maintained in a particular proportion so that a healthy interaction between the biotic and the abiotic components goes on. The interactions of a particular group of organisms with abiotic factors within a particular habitat resulting in clearly defined energy flows and material cycles on land, water and air, are called ecological systems.
Ecosystems are of two major types: terrestrial and aquatic. Terrestrial ecosystem can be further be classified into тАШbiomesтАЩ. Aquatic ecosystems can be classed as marine and freshwater ecosystems.