Question -
Answer -
1. Strong centre:
- Various subjects have been demarcated in the division of lists, i.e. union list—97 subjects, states list-66 and concurrent list-47 subjects.
- All the subjects, which have national importance, included in the union list.
- In case of any conflict on the subjects of concurrent list, the saying of the central government is important, rather than state government.
- When an emergency is imposed on the nation or partially, then the central government is empowered to frame the laws on the subjects mentioned in the state list.
2. The emergency powers:
- During the declaration of national emergency, the government is changed to a unitary form, from a federation. Hence, the central government exercises the legislative and executive power of the state but state legislature or executive are not dissolved.
- If emergency is declared in a particular state due to failure of constitutional machinery there, the legislative powers goes into the hands of the center and the executive power goes in the hands of the President.
- In case of declaration of financial emergency by the President, the center is again authorized to issue directions concerning the economy of the state and they will obey it.
3. Financial dependance of the states on centre:
- The centre enjoys more resources for revenue rather than the states.
- The states can get loan from the centre if required.
- The states apply for grants-in-aid from the centre.
- Hence, states are dependent on the centre financially.
4. Appointment of Governors:
- The Governor is the head of the state as well as an agent of the central government.
- He is appointed by the President of India and remains in the office till the pleasure of the President.
- Hence, Governors act according to the wishes of the central government.